Clouds of ultralight particles can form around dark circular holes. A team of physicists from the University of Amsterdam and Harvard University now suggests that these clouds will leave a mark on the gravitational waves emitted by double black holes. Black holes are often thought to swallow all kinds of material and energy around them. It has long been known, however, that they can no longer waste one of their masses through a process called super-radiance.
Although this phenomenon is known to be possible, it only works if new, to date invisible particles with very low concentrations are present in nature, as several theories have been predicted beyond the Standard Model of particle physics.When a mass is extracted from a black hole using high light, it forms a large cloud around the black hole, forming what is called a magnetic field. Despite the large size of the atomic force atom, comparisons with smaller atoms are accurate due to the similarity of the black hole and its cloud to the typical structure of normal atoms, where electron clouds surround the nucleus of protons and neutrons.
In a letter from Physical Review Letters this week, a team comprising UvA scholars Daniel Baumann, Gianfranco Bertone, and Giovanni Maria Tomaselli, and Harvard University physicist John Stout, suggest that comparisons between ordinary atoms and gravity much deeper than just atoms. structural similarity. They say that similarities can be used to identify new particles with gravitational waves in future interferometers.In a new work, researchers learned the subtle proportions of the so-called ‘electric image effect’. In a well-known process, for example, used in solar cells to generate electricity, ordinary electrons absorb the energy of light events and release them into matter – ionize atoms.
In the analogue of the gravitational force, where the atom of gravity is part of a binary system of two heavy objects, it is interrupted by the presence of a close friend, either a second black hole or a neutron star. Just as the electrons in the electromagnetic field absorb the light of an event light, the ultralight particles can absorb the corresponding rotation energy, so that another cloud is released from the atom’s magnetic field.
The team has shown that this process can significantly alter the emergence of such binary systems, significantly reducing the time required for components to integrate. In addition, the ionization of the atomic force is developed at a very specific distance between the black binary holes, leading to sharp points in the gravitational waves we find in such interactions. Future gravity interferometers – machines like the LIGO and Virgo founders a few years ago that showed the first gravitational waves from the black holes – could see these effects. Determining the predicted properties of gravitational atoms can provide compelling evidence for new light particles.
Source Journal Reference:Daniel Baumann, Gianfranco Bertone, John Stout, Giovanni Maria Tomaselli. Sharp Signals of Boson Clouds in Black Hole Binary Inspirals. Physical Review Letters, 2022; 128 (22) DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.221102
