The mountain chicken frog, named for its supposed chicken-like taste, was once an abundant and iconic species in Dominica. Thousands of these large amphibians roamed the island, filling its rainforests with their distinctive croaks. However, a recent survey has painted a bleak picture, with only 21 of these frogs remaining in the entire Caribbean nation. The Zoological Society of London (ZSL) reported that this frog species has suffered a population decline of over 99% since the devastating outbreak of Chytridiomycosis in 2002.
Chytridiomycosis: A Lethal Fungal Disease of Mountain Chicken Frogs
Chytridiomycosis, a fungal infectious disease, has cast a dark shadow over the mountain chicken frog’s existence. It is not alone in this struggle, as this disease has affected more than 500 frog species worldwide. Chytridiomycosis has inflicted severe damage, pushing this once-thriving species to the brink of extinction.
This survey suggests that Dominica may be the last sanctuary for these frogs. This amphibian, also known as the giant ditch frog, once weighed over 2 pounds and measured up to 8 inches, making it one of the largest frog species globally. These remarkable creatures would fill the rainforests with their reedy croaks, echoing through the night and reaching distances of over 200 meters.
The once vibrant rainforests of Dominica have fallen eerily silent without the resonating chorus of the mountain chicken frogs. The loss of these iconic soundscape has left a deep void in the hearts of the locals. They mourn the fact that future generations may never have the chance to hear this iconic auditory signature that defined their island.
Multiple Threats to Survival
The mountain chicken frog has faced not only the lethal chytrid fungus but also other threats. Environmental changes, including climate-related factors, have forced these frogs to venture dangerously close to busy roads in search of water. They have struggled with shrinking rivers due to the changing climate in Dominica, putting them at greater risk from human activity.
Chytridiomycosis has contributed to the extinction of more than 90 species in the past 50 years. Sadly, no vaccine exists for this devastating fungal pathogen. Nevertheless, researchers and scientists worldwide are working diligently to find innovative solutions to combat this disease.
The research team was disheartened to find only 21 frogs during the survey. A captive breeding program across several institutions offers a glimmer of hope, with an initial 50 frogs now producing offspring. This program aims to preserve and possibly revive the mountain chicken frog population.
The mountain chicken frog’s perilous decline serves as a poignant reminder of the urgent need for amphibian conservation efforts. Researchers are now studying the frogs found in Dominica for any evidence of developing resistance to the deadly chytrid fungus.
Protecting Frogs and Wildlife Worldwide
Chytrid disease is often spread through human activity. Precautions such as cleaning footwear after outdoor activities can help prevent its spread. Conservationists also emphasize the importance of supporting local institutions and organizations focused on biosecurity measures to protect frogs and other wildlife.
The future of the mountain chicken frog remains uncertain, and its survival teeters on the edge of extinction. It is a stark reminder of the growing global need for conservation efforts and the critical role humans play in protecting Earth’s diverse and fragile ecosystems.
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