New Delhi: The Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA), an autonomous body under the Department of Science and Technology, has played a pivotal role in the Surya Tilak Project at Ayodhya, marking a significant milestone in the celebration of Sri Ram Navami.
Under the Surya Tilak Project, sunlight was ingeniously directed onto the forehead of Sri Ram Lalla at noon on the auspicious occasion of Sri Ram Navami in the Chaitra month. The IIA team spearheaded crucial aspects of the project, including the calculation of the sun’s position, the design and optimization of the optical system, and the integration and alignment at the site.
Given the variable nature of the English calendar date of Sri Ram Navami, which follows the Lunar Calendar, the position of the sun in the sky changes annually on this auspicious day. Through meticulous astronomical calculations, the IIA team identified the calendar days of Sri Ram Navami for a complete cycle of 19 years and its subsequent repetition.
Moreover, the IIA team led the design of an innovative opto-mechanical system to channel sunlight from the temple’s apex to the idol’s forehead. This involved precise estimation of the size, shape, and location of mirrors and lenses to ensure optimal illumination on the idol for approximately 6 minutes. Crucial design optimizations and simulations were conducted to refine the opto-mechanical design and mechanism functionality.
Despite the temple’s ongoing construction, IIA experts adapted the design to accommodate the existing structure and performed image optimization. The modified design, featuring 4 mirrors and 2 lenses, was successfully executed for the Surya Tilak ceremony on April 17, 2024. IIA technical experts actively participated in the testing, assembly, integration, and validation of the system at the site, ensuring seamless implementation.
At the site, the implementation of the opto-mechanical system was carried out by the Central Building Research Institute (CBRI), while the device itself was manufactured by Optica, Bangalore.
Looking ahead, the final design of the Surya Tilak with 4 mirrors and 4 lenses will be implemented once the temple construction is complete, with mirrors and lenses fixed in their permanent fixtures. The mechanism was ingeniously designed to accommodate a shift of 1-2 days in the calendar date of Sri Ram Navami, ensuring uninterrupted functionality. However, the mechanism relies on sunlight, making it susceptible to disruptions caused by clouds or rain.
The tireless efforts of the IIA team, in collaboration with other institutions, have not only showcased India’s scientific prowess but have also enriched the cultural and spiritual landscape of Ayodhya. As the Surya Tilak Project continues to illuminate the divinity of Sri Ram, it symbolizes a harmonious blend of tradition and cutting-edge technology.
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