A controversial new study proposes that reintroducing grey wolves to the Scottish Highlands could aid climate goals by restoring native forests. Published in Ecological Solutions and Evidence, the research suggests that a pack of over 160 wolves could curb the country’s booming red deer population, allowing woodlands to regenerate and absorb significant amounts of CO2.
Scotland’s red deer numbers have soared to nearly 400,000, with no natural predators to control them. Their unchecked grazing prevents tree saplings from growing, hindering woodland expansion. Researchers estimate that introducing wolves could lead to a carbon absorption of up to 1 million metric tonnes annually equivalent to 5% of the UK’s woodland carbon removal target.
The study’s models predict that reintroducing wolves in four key regions could lower deer density to four per square kilometer within two decades. Each wolf could facilitate forest regrowth capable of sequestering 6,080 metric tons of CO2 per year, valued at roughly $195,000 in today’s carbon market. Over a century, the expanded woodlands could absorb 100 million metric tons of CO2, contributing substantially to Scotland’s climate commitments.
While the study highlights economic benefits through carbon finance, it acknowledges challenges, including the costs of reintroducing wolves and potential conflicts with livestock farming. Researchers stress that public engagement and policy measures would be critical to ensuring a successful and sustainable rewilding effort.
