Wetlands contribute equally to global carbon dioxide emissions. However, the ability of carbon dioxide reserves depends on the interaction between plants and geomorphology that allows wetlands to continue to grow over time. When these responses deteriorate, wetlands can become carbon sources. Temmink et.al. reviewed recent research on the role of plants in the earth’s ecosystem and the role of carbon dioxide and regenerative energy in order to rehabilitate these vital processes.
Assessing the effects of global warming resulting from rising concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) requires solving processes that drive global carbon emissions and flow. Although biogeomorphic wetlands (peatlands, mangroves, salt marshes, and marine marshes) cover only 1% of the earth’s surface, they conserve 20% of the world’s organic carbon ecosystem. This unequal distribution is driven by high levels of carbon dioxide in each region and efficient storage capacity, far exceeding those oceanic and forest ecosystems. We highlight that the responses between geomorphology and terrestrial vegetation support these important traits and that the disruption of these biogeomorphic responses could transform these carbon-based systems into sources.
An important breakthrough in understanding the function of wetlands has been the recognition of the role of organism-landform interactions, “biogeomorphic feedbacks.” The Biogeomorphic response involves a strong link between biota and geomorphology, in which living organisms — often green — rotate the earth for their benefit following healthy relationships dependent on density. Plants that dominate large wetland-carrying wetlands produce self-sustaining responses that shape the environment and increase carbon divergence and storage. As a result, each area, the carbon dioxide of the wetlands and the consumption levels far exceed those of land and sea forests, the ecosystems around the world that hold large shares due to their size.
Biogeomorphic swamps around the world face an average of 1% man-made loss rates. We estimate that the corresponding carbon loss is up to 0.5 Pg C per year, levels equivalent to 5% of the average anthropogenic carbon emissions. Because carbon emissions from degraded wetlands tend to sustain for hundreds of years until all living things have decomposed, conserving and rehabilitating biogeomorphic wetlands should be part of the world’s climate solutions.
Our work highlights the fact that biogeomorphic wetlands serve as biodiversity hotspots for biodiversity, and that the conservation and restoration of these tropical regions offers an attractive contribution to reducing global warming. Recent scientific findings suggest that restorative methods aimed at stimulating biogeomorphic responses can significantly increase the success of the invention and yield recovery, opening the way for greater recovery actions. Therefore, we argue that applying these measures can help humanity achieve the goals set out in the Paris Agreement and the Decade of the United Nations Convention on Environmental Management.
Biogeomorphic wetlands cover 1% of the earth but retain 20% of organic carbon ecosystem. This unequal distribution is driven by high levels of carbon dioxide and active conservation in the coastal areas, mangroves, salt marshes and marine marshes, far superior to those of marine ecosystems and forests. Here, we review how the responses between geomorphology and terrestrial plants support these characteristics and how response disturbances can transform wetlands from carbon dioxide into sources. Currently, human activity continues to decline rapidly in the area of ​​large carbon-rich wetlands (1% per annum). Our findings highlight the urgency of stopping the ongoing loss of ecosystems and re-establishing responses that shape the state through new recycling materials that restore the role of biogeomorphic wetlands as a major carbon dioxide base in the world.
Source Journal Reference: Ralph J. M. Temmink et al., Recovering wetland biogeomorphic feedbacks to restore the world’s biotic carbon hotspots, Science 376 (2022) DOI: 10.1126/science.abn1479
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