Rocks crumble into the sea transforming into sand, while human debris specifically microplastics also finds its way to the ocean’s depths, posing a significant threat to marine life. However, a recent study reveals that one tiny organism, the tardigrade, may have a unique ability to resist ingesting these synthetic particles.
Led by zoologist Flávia de França from the Federal University of Pernambuco in Brazil, the research examined meiofauna small invertebrates ranging from 45 micrometers to 1 millimeter collected from shallow beach sediments along Brazil’s northeastern coast. The study included 5,629 individual organisms, such as nematodes, segmented worms, and the resilient tardigrade.
In controlled environments mimicking their natural habitat, these organisms were exposed to sediment containing various concentrations of microplastics, specifically fluorescent polystyrene microspheres, categorized as nanoplastics. While most of the tiny creatures ingested the microplastics, tardigrades demonstrated an unusual resistance, seemingly avoiding consumption altogether.
However, they weren’t completely free of plastic. Many tardigrades were found with microplastic particles adhering to their surfaces, particularly on their locomotory appendages. The study suggests that this avoidance may be linked to their unique feeding apparatus, which allows them to pierce and suck rather than ingest prey whole.
Despite their impressive resilience, the study underscores a more significant ecological concern regarding microplastics and their impact on marine biodiversity. The researchers found that Turbellarians (flatworms) and Gastrotrichs (hairybacks) consumed microplastics, indicating that these particles can be transferred up the food chain. The ingestion of microplastics was associated with environmental concentrations, leading to a decrease in meiofauna density and species richness.
While it’s reassuring that tardigrades can dodge microplastics, the broader implications of this research reveal the alarming effects of plastic pollution on marine ecosystems. The findings serve as a stark reminder of our reliance on plastics and their lasting impact on oceanic life. The study was published in PeerJ Life and Environment.
