Three years ago, the first black hole image surprised the world. A hollow black hole sealed with a glowing light ring. That iconic image of a black hole in the center of the Messier 87 galaxy stood out thanks to the Event Horizon Telescope, a global network of synchronized radio broadcasts that serves as a single large telescope.
Now, two Columbia researchers have come up with an easy way to look at the abyss. As explained in an additional study of Physical Review Letters and Physical Review D, their photographic method allows astronomers to study black holes smaller than the M87’s, a 6.5 billion monster, living in galaxies farther away from the M87, with 55 million light years ago, it is still close to our Milky Way.
The process has only two requirements
• First, you need a pair of supermassive black hole in the neck for assembly.
•Second, you need to look at the pear near the side angle. At this side point, as one black hole passes in front of the other, you should be able to see the glowing light as the glowing ring of a distant black hole is magnified by a black hole near you, a miracle. known as gravitational lensing.
The effect of lensing is well known, but what researchers found here was a hidden signal: a distinct immersion in light accompanied by a “shadow” of a black hole in the background. This subtle darkening can take several hours to several days, depending on the size of the black holes, and how close they are to their tracks. By measuring how long the immersion lasts, researchers say, you can measure the magnitude and shape of the shadow produced by the black hole in the horizon, the point of no exit, when no light is emitted, and even light.
“It took years and a lot of effort for many scientists to create this high-resolution image of the M87 black holes,” said the study’s first author, Jordy Davelaar, a postdoc in Columbia and the Flatiron Institute’s Center for Computational Astrophysics. “That approach only applies to the larger black holes and the closest ones – the couple in the center of the M87 and possibly our Milky Way.”He added, “With our strategy, you measure the light of dark holes over time, you do not need to sort each object geographically. It should be possible to find this sign in multiple galaxies.”
Einstein’s theory of gravity
The shadow of the black hole is its mysterious and instructive feature. “That black hole tells us about the size of the black hole, the shape of the time around it, and how things fall into a black hole near the horizon,” said author Zoltan Haiman, a professor of physics at Columbia. Dark shadows can also be the secret of the true nature of gravity, the basic energy of our universe. Einstein’s theory of gravity, known as general relativity, predicts the size of black holes. Therefore, biologists have sought to explore other theories of gravity in an effort to reconcile two opposing theories on how nature works: Einstein’s common relation, which describes major events such as the orbiting planets and the ever-expanding universe, and quantum physics, descriptive. that small particles such as electrons and photons can take up multiple regions at once.
Researchers are interested in exploding enormous black holes after discovering suspected large black holes in the galaxy’s outer space in the early atmosphere. The NASA space shuttle Kepler was observing a small immersion of light associated with the planet passing in front of the star holding it. Instead, Kepler ended up with the flames of what Haiman and his colleagues call black holes.
Spikey galaxy
They named the long galaxy “Spikey” with a brightness caused by its black holes enlarging each other in a full circle with the effect of lensing. To learn more about burning, Haiman created a model with his postdoc, Davelaar. However, they were confused when their imitated black holes produced an unexpected, but occasional, immersion in the light each time one rotated in front of the other. At first, they thought it was a mistake to write codes. But further testing led them to trust the signal. As they looked at the visible way to describe it, they realized that each immersion in light was very similar to the time it took for the black hole near the viewer to pass in front of the shadow of the black hole in the background.
150 large black holes
Researchers are currently looking for additional telescope data to try to confirm the immersion they see in Kepler’s data to ensure that Spikey, in fact, has black holes that connect. When all is said and done, the procedure can be applied to a few other pairs that are suspected to include between 150 large black holes or have been detected so far and are awaiting confirmation.
With the advent of powerful telescopes coming to the internet in the coming years, other possibilities may arise. The Vera Rubin Observatory, which will open this year, looks at more than 100 million large black holes. Another search for black holes will occur when NASA’s gravitational wave detector, LISA, was launched into space in 2030.”Even if a small portion of these black holes have the right dimensions to measure the proposed effect, we can get a lot of black dips,” Davelaar said.
Source Journal References: Jordy Davelaar, Zoltán Haiman. Self-Lensing Flares from Black Hole Binaries: Observing Black Hole Shadows via Light Curve Tomography. Physical Review Letters, 2022; 128 (19) DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.191101
Jordy Davelaar, Zoltán Haiman. Self-lensing flares from black hole binaries: General-relativistic ray tracing of black hole binaries. Physical Review D, 2022; 105 (10) DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.105.103010
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