Forest play a vital role in the country’s economic development. They supply a number of goods that serve as commodities in many industries. Forests grown in forests serve as a source of energy for rural homes.Most of the world papers are made of wood and one reliable indicator in terms of the level of economic development of a country is its use of paper per person. As the economy develops economically, paper is used as a packaging material, in communications and in many places of use. There is no other truly satisfying piece of paper available in many of the materials used.
Although it has long been recognized that forests play a greater role in the economic development of the country than in providing timber for frequent use, non-timber forestry products are increasingly being recognized and appreciated worldwide. Forests have water levels especially in areas with weak soils and easily eroded; a tree cover can be very valuable as a protection in a wet environment.
Forests are recognized as an outdoor recreation area. The types of forests that are most important for outdoor recreation are not always the same as the most important species for wood production and vice versa. The dense jungle with its surrounding trees to make full use of sunlight, moisture, and fertility for timber planting, is usually less attractive to a hiker than an open forest.
Forests are home to many species of wildlife, including mammals, reptiles, and birds. Some of these wildlife species are obviously important to man. Biologists have been particularly disturbed by declining wildlife populations, sometimes to the point of extinction, as tropical forests are being cleared.
Impact of Forest cover
Human cut down forests for many reasons. Most important are the construction of new agricultural facilities, the harvesting of biomass for timber and paper, and the burning of energy. Globally, large mature, forested areas are affected year after year by these various activities. In the late 1980’s, about 25 million ha / year of forest was cleared, and in 1989 the world’s timber harvest was estimated at 4.1 billion m3 / year, a 25% growth rate from 1975-1977. Global timber consumption in 1989 included 0.50 billion m3 of timber harvested Powerful, forest-based industries have a significant economic impact. In 1989, the value of forest products exported was estimated at $ 101 billion. To meet the global demand for timber and to achieve greater forest economic benefits, large areas of mature forest must be cut down or otherwise disrupted.
Worldwide, some 20 million acresof forest are being cleared each year for a variety of purposes, including forestry, agriculture, and rural and urban development. There are many long-term and short-term effects of environmental changes associated with this type of land use. In many cases the results are moderate, and it can be considered an acceptable “cost” of the environment to be borne in harvesting forests as a renewable natural resource. Some of the long-term effects include potential reduction in site fertility caused by nutrient losses, biodiversity effects on wildlife habitat change, permanent loss of old-growth forest, and effects on air CO2, and related climate effects.
Globally, forest area has been declining at a rate of 0.13% per annum from 1990 to 2015. This decline is particularly prevalent in Africa and South America, while in Europe the forest area has increased slightly in recent decades after declining industrialization. Forests cover about 30-40% of the world’s vegetation area. If it were not for human and environmental disturbances, forests would be expected to take up more space. ecology studies often identify forests as a major contributor to a host of important biospheric processes. the challenge facing global scale testing, scientists have not yet fully equated in the biodiversity of the Earth; prices ranging from 120 to 140 million km2. Forest coverage varies greatly, ranging from 30 to 75 million km.
Why is it important to protect the world’s forest?
Forests are essential for life on Earth. They clean the air we breathe, filter the water we drink, prevent erosion, and act as a vital barrier to climate change. Forests provide home to a wide variety of plants and animals worldwide and provide vital natural resources from logs and food to medicinal plants. Forests also support the livelihoods of local communities and help them to thrive.
But forests around the world are in danger. Despite the important role that forests play in the world’s ecological and economic environment, we continue to lose forests, as well as endangered species. By 2020, tropical areas lost more than 12 million hectares of tree cover. That means trees with a total of about 30 soccer fields every minute. Illegal logging, forest management practices, and the growing demand for forestry and agricultural products contribute to their deforestation. Deforestation is severe in some of the world’s most diverse ecosystems, such as the Amazon, Borneo and Sumatra, the Congo Basin, and the Far East of Russia. As a result, about half of the world’s first forests have been lost.
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