Lockdown and atmospheric environment
In a closed period due to limited domestic activities, there are fewer industrial activities and less motor movement; air pollution is greatly reduced and the environment begins to expand again. The main sources of carbon emissions are the use of fossil fuels by industries, thermal power stations, air transport and motor vehicles. From the industrial sector, traffic flow was closed during the closure; the carbon footprint is declining. Studies estimate that the COVID-19 epidemic could reduce pollution by up to 7% worldwide if the closure extends by the end of the year.
Essential pollutants, NO2 are often released into the atmosphere from the refining of petroleum and metals; heating, commercial production of nitric acid and N-based products including food processing industries. The burning of fossil fuels such as coal, gas and oil by the factory, automobiles and domestic purpose is the cause of NO2 pollution. As closed-door methods are used in European countries especially Italy, Spain, France, Germany etc., data variability due to climate change. Satellite images show NO2 focus from 13 March to 13 April 2020, compared to the average focus of March-April from 2019. such as Madrid, Rome, Milan show a ~ 45% decrease in NO2 concentration in space, while Paris shows a dramatic decrease of 54%. Significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions involving CO2 and NO2 in the atmosphere.
Less particulate matter improved the visibility
Lockdown is a local opportunity to improve air quality. Changes in concentration of seven air pollutants (PM2.5 and PM10), nitrogen oxides (NOx, NO and NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO) for different urban areas in -India rethink. reported (Science the wire 2020). Overall the pollution of PM2.5 has dropped dramatically in most regions. Approximately 43% decrease in PM2.5 indicates a decrease in carbon emissions due to moderate traffic and a decrease of 31% of PM10 showed a slight decrease in dust particles resulting from restricted activities during closure compared to the previous year. The USA and other countries are also experiencing a similar situation from their normal level (PM2.5 and PM10). As a result, visibility in different cities is much better than in the previous year 2020.
Less industrial effluent discharge improved the water quality
The clarity of the water has greatly improved and seaweed can be seen in the fresh water of Venice due to the restriction of navigation during the closure of Italy. Due to the slow erosion of industrial pollution in the canals of Venice, the teaching of fish in its waters and floating ducks enjoying the extraordinary peace and tranquility of the cities was very different from the normal life of the city.The closure of the area meant that it looked like pure water from India’s holy and polluted rivers, the Ganges In 2020. Improvements in surface water quality in Lake Vembanad, India have also been reported and show that the SPM concentration decreased by 15.9% on average compared to the previous year 2020.
Lessl human activities have improved Noise quality
Noise from aircraft, industrial, automotive, local loudspeakers, market-packed venues etc. it is the cause of a number of mental and physical problems such as dementia, deafness, headaches, stroke and even heart disease. Car horn blowing is one of the biggest problems in city life, sometimes exceeding 100 db; COVID-19 closure is reduced due to noise pollution. Reported low noise levels (~ 30–40 db) in the residential area and (~ 50db) in the area of ​​the satellite municipal station . Ocean Networks Canada has experienced a significant reduction in low frequency noise associated with ships and boats with a fishing engine and a decrease in underwater noise which is a healthy message for whales and other aquatic life.
In this phase, we have found that the level of air pollution is rapidly declining due to limited human activities in the industry, transport and domestic purpose. The concentration of NO2 emissions in the air has dropped to 45 to 54% in European countries. It considered a 7% reduction in carbon emissions by the end of this year. Pollution from nitrogen and carbon oxides including their emissions reduces the greenhouse effect of the atmosphere. The level of micro-organisms such as PM2.5 and PM10 decreased significantly by 43% and 31%, respectively, in the lower atmosphere of the various regions of the world. The suspended particles dropped to 15.9% indicating an improvement in surface water quality.
Lockdown and ecosystem
The global animal market, where thousands of animals are bought and sold each year, is a major threat to biodiversity 2020. As the outbreak of COVID-19 began in the Hunan marine market, China temporarily banned trampling of wildlife. Considering that infectious disease is thought to have originated in animals, various countries have once again banned the movement of wildlife; that will be good for wildlife health and restoring a sustainable eco-system.
An environmental NGO group, Ocean Asia surveyed in Hong Kong, found positive numbers for masks and other dumps on the seafront line. If biomedical waste is not disposed of in accordance with medical procedures it can lead to infection and even animal death and dehydration by accidental feeding such as food In 2020 and your ecosystem both soil and water may be affected. Therefore a review of policies regarding the treatment of COVID-19 medical waste is urgently needed.Carcass handling of COVID-19 is another new environmental problem. The death toll on COVID-19 so far is nearly 0.948 million; it rises every hour. Corpses are needed for mass burial rather than donated to their families for rituals.
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